2020 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 154-157
Preterm ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome（POHS）occurs in preterm female infants of less than 32 weeks of gestational age and is characterized by symptoms, such as swelling of the vulva, ovarian cysts, and increased level of estradiol（E2）and gonadotropin, that become evident at around 37 weeks postconception age（WPCA）. Case1: A 131-day-old（42 WPCA）female infant was detected the presence of a lower abdominal mass in ultrasonography. She also presented with swelling of the vulva. Laboratory studies showed elevated levels of luteinizing hormone and E2, and normal level of follicle-stimulating hormone. We identified a 50mm diameter ovarian cyst that we subsequently punctured using ultrasonography. 4 months after presentation, swelling had improved and an ovarian cyst had disappeared. Case2: A 97-day-old（40 WPCA）female infant presented with swelling of the vulva. Ultrasonography revealed the presence of a 35mm diameter ovarian cyst. Laboratory studies showed elevated levels of luteinizing hormone and E2, and normal level of follicle-stimulating hormone. 3 months after presentation, swelling had improved and an ovarian cyst had disappeared. Our findings suggest that ultrasonography should be performed for preterm infants who present with swelling of the vulva at around 37WPCA in order to determine the presence and the size of ovarian cysts.
