Protein S deficiency complicated pregnancy

Abstract

 Protein S deficiency is one of the congenital thrombophilia, and its frequency is the highest among congenital thrombotic predispositions in Japan. Perinatal complications other than thrombosis are often encountered. We reviewed 7 cases of pregnancies complicated by protein S deficiency in which delivery management was performed in our department between January 2014 and December 2019. Pre-existing pregnancy complications included lower extremity venous thrombosis after abortion in one case.

 Pregnancy complications included fetal growth restriction in one case, preeclampsia in one case, and gestational diabetes mellitus in two cases. Two cases were preterm birth.

 Five children had done blood tests and two were diagnosed with protein S deficiency.

 There was one case of thrombosis during pregnancy, no thrombosis was found in the postpartum period, and two hemorrhagic complications were found（retroperitoneal hematoma, subcutaneous hematoma）. Protein S deficiency complicated pregnancy should be managed with attention to perinatal complications such as intrauterine fetal death, fetal growth restriction, and preeclampsia as well as venous thromboembolism.