Functional-morphological Characteristics in the Musculoskeletal System of Standing-type Cocks Including Some Game Breeds

Abstract

Muscle weights were examined and compared among Japanese Game (Shamo), Thai Game (Kai Chon), Sonia, Fayomi and Rhode Island Red to investigate the morphological characteristics and the functional significances of muscular systems in standing-type cocks including game breeds. The following functional-morphological relationships of the muscular system in the fighting cocks, especially the Japanese Game and Thai Game, were recognized: 1) The total muscular weight ratio was relatively higher in the Japanese Game and Thai Game than in Sonia, Fayomi and Rhode Island Red. 2) Muscle weight was concentrated in the hindlimb to adapt to running, jumping and an upright stance in the Japanese Game and Thai Game. 3) Although flexibility and quick movements are needed in the neck region of fighting cocks, weight ratios and weight indices of the muscles in the neck structure were smaller in the Japanese Game and Thai Game than in the other breeds. 4) The Japanese Game and Thai Game had similar weight ratios and weight indices for each muscle.