Collection and Preservation of Samples: As an Example of Research Promotion Activity of Zoos and Aquariums in Japan

Abstract

　In Japan, totally, over 150 zoos and aquariums are keeping more than 6000 species, therefore they are expected to advance the wide-ranging researches to promote the conservation and utilization of valuable animals. Since zoos and aquariums maintain various species in captivity, it is comparatively easy to collect a variety of research samples. If these samples could be collected, organized and preserved systematically, effective utilization of samples will be promoted, and it will lead to the desirable research outcomes. Practical approaches are taken in many parts of the world, and also increasing slowly but steadily in zoo and aquariums in Japan. Osaka Municipal Tennoji Zoological Gardens cryopreserves the samples collected from more than 150 species to set up a tissue bank. Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums is collecting and preserving the germ cells systematically, and a framework to share the gametes is being put into place. In some cases, zoos and aquariums are collaborating with museums on the effective correction and preservation of samples by taking advantages of both worlds. In order to promote further efforts in this field, facilitation of the sample use, creation of a set of rules, and enhancement of the own research capacity of zoos and aquariums are required. Zoos and aquariums play a specific role in the research on wide range of animals. Their working on collection and preservation of research samples will gain more recognition as one of the key roles in the future.