The ultrastructural and biochemical study to evaluate factors which affect implantation of human embryo using organ culture method.

Abstract

Organ culture method was applied to estimate the condition of implantation in human endometrium. Estrogen and progesteron were added to the culture media and cultured tissues were observed with light and electron microscopes.
The organ culture of human endometr ium was successfully done for 72 hours. The tissues maintained their features in each phase of menstrual cycle, but degenerative appearance progressed in the endometrium of secretory phase.
Single addition of estrogen caused any specific change in the endometrial tissue by the observation of light and electron microscope. When prgesterone was added singly, mitochondoria tended to increase in number in proliferative and ovulatory phase. In implantation phase progesterone accelerated degenerative change as increase of lysozome and lipid droplet.
Specific findings were observed when both estrogen and progesteron were ad ded together to the media rather than when each of them was added singly. Both hormones stimulated to show remarkable accumulation of glycogen and giant mitochondoria in proliferative and ovulatory phase. Glycogen and prolactin were measured after culture as an parameter of energy source and decidualization respectively.
Glycogen contained in endometrial tissue increased during the culture in proliferative and ovulatory phase by adding both steroid hormones. On the contrary, they decreased in implantation phase.
Prolactin values increased in every phases after organ culture. They decreased by addition of progesteron singly and estrogen and progesteron togther, however single addition of estrogen accelerated secretion of prolactin.
In conclusion, cooperative actio ns of estrogen and progesteron is a requisite condition to achieve implantation of human embryo.