Compensatory functions in central nervous system diseases

Abstract

In functional impairment associated with tissue damage, compensatory functions are often used to supplementposture and movement. Especially in central nervous system diseases, it is difficult to recover from damagednerve cells. Therefore, compensatory behavior in which the patient uses excessive effort is often observed forthe purpose of early recovery of activity of daily living. In addition, orthotic therapy and the latest medicalcare (robotics and regenerative medicine) are also used to assist paralyzed limbs. Compensatory functionsare considered necessary functions, but their quality, quantity, and degree can also facilitate or delay therecovery of damaged tissue. Treatment using compensatory treatment includes excessive effort by the patient,orthotic installation for paralyzed limbs, and the latest medical care (robotics and regenerative medicine). Inany method, in order to obtain the maximum expansion of capacity with minimal compensatory function, itis important for the therapist to constantly evaluate the changes of the body with respect to the situation ofthe damaged tissue, and to approach dysfunction based on motor function evaluation. Here, I reconsider theessence of compensatory functions and their concepts from the perspective of physical therapy.