Abstract
The procedures to increase the factor of safety of a landslide by excavation involve flattening of slopes and benching. Back analysis is often used to determine the factor of satety by assuming c' or φ'. As variation of factor of safety by excavation methods depends on the parameters of shear strength on slip surfaces, determi nation of them must be done carefully.
Considering quantity of excavation, benching of the slope for remedial works on landslides is more available than flattening.
