The Role of Sensible and Latent Heats in the Baroclinic Atmosphere

Abstract

The northward transport of sensible heat in the baroclinic atmosphere is examined in relation with the non-adiabatic heating such as the heat supply into the atmosphere from the ocean and also the condensation effect. The theoretical results mentioned above are compared in good agreement with the numerical experiments in two-level model which are performed as the modeling research.
As the actual example of the treatment of non-adiabatic heating over the sea surface, the cyclogenesis over the Sea of Japan in winter season is discussed. Numerical forecast by making use of 4-level geostrophic model is shown.
As another example of non-adiabatic heating due to the condensation effect, the numerical forecasts by using the actual data are discussed comparing with cases where the motion is adiabatic. It is also shown that the retardation of movement of lower trough or cyclone at the 1000mb level, which is generally expected near Japan from the forecast in case of adiabatic motion, is improved considerably.