An Observational Study of the Role of Convection in the Baiu Situation with Special Attention to the Arakawa-Schubert Cumulus Parameterization

Part I: Heat and Moisture Budgets

Abstract

The atmospheric budgets of heat and moisture are analysed for the Baiu season of the western part of Japan on July 5-12, 1970. The eastward and northward wind increase with height which in both cases the maximum value is found at about 250mb. Mixing ratio of the water vapor falls uniformly with height but relative humidity has a maximum value at about 900mb.
The convergence exists in the lower layer and divergence in the upper layer. Largescale upward motion dominates in the whole layer and the maximum is found in the middle layer.
Net heat source and moisture sink are found in the whole layer. The calculated precipitations from large-scale apparent moisture sink and the observed precipitations for the analysis period show a good agreement.