Abstract
We performed real-time navigation guided retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy for seven cases with using kidney displacement simulation program that we had originally developed. A subscreen placed next to surgical monitor provided virtual laparoscopic views to surgeon. The virtual laparoscopic images was created by a navigator who operated computer software and duplicated the surgical monitor imeges. The operator performed surgery referring to virtual images at each step of operative procedures. The group of navigated surgery was compared with that of conventional operation. Especially real-time navigation was useful for the treatment of renal vessels. The mean estimated blood loss and mean surgical time were 24 ml and 5.7 hours, respectively. Navigated surgery could significantly reduce estimated blood loss and shorten operative time in comparison with those without navigation. Furthermore surgeon could get relief from stress and assure the safety and reliability of operation.
