Abstract
The focus of this paper is on 3-D adaptive analysis method of liquefiable soil improvement of the approximate quality of nonlinear numerical simulation of the liquefaction process with large deformation. This adaptive technique was applied to the 3-D non-linear FE analysis of liquefiable soil considering large deformation, including the liquefaction phenomenon. The cyclic elasto-plastic model and updated Lagrangian formulation were adopted in the three-dimensional FE analysis. The fission procedure belonging to the h-refinement indicated by the error estimator, a posteriori error estimate procedure depending on L2-norm of strain and superconvergent patch recovery method, was used. The convergence of this error estimate scheme and the effectiveness of h-adaptive mesh refinement were shown by simple examples. The adaptive FE method was applied to the three-dimensional practical seismic analysis of an embankment constructed on liquefiable soil, and its efficacy demonstrated in detail. Application of the adaptive technique to the nonlinear analysis of saturated soil, including the liquefaction process, is a valuable step in the three-dimensional seismic analysis of liquefaction.
