The current situation and challenges for zero-dose children

Emerging necessity of Japan's contribution to global health

Abstract

Vaccinations are one of the most cost-effective medical investments that is included in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Zero-dose children are especially those who have not yet received their first DTP (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis) vaccine, out of three in total. International organizations and public-private partnerships use DTP-1 as an indicator for vaccine programs. Until 2019, vaccine rates were steadily increasing, scoring 90% at 2019. However, there has been seen significant decline in two years, marking 86% in 2021. This was brought by closures and overworking of healthcare facilities, quarantine and supply insufficiency due to COVID-19, vaccine distrust, conflict and impacts of climate change. Japan made a remarkable devotion to COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access (COVAX) that aimed to equal distribution of COVID-19 vaccination, and to “Last One Mile Support” to transport vaccines to hospitals and health centers. COVAX has ended its mission in 2023, and the next global vaccine movement is Phase 6 of Gavi funding starting in 2026. It is highly significant for Japan to express its positive commitment and cooperate with the remaining Zero-dose problems worldwide.