Science Research in Mass Higher Education System

Abstract

　 Before the world war 2, university was considered to be unique from each other, so no attempt has been made to put them on one single scale in order, to indicate which one is better than the others. After the world war second, number of university increased, the government gave up to treat then as of equal performance. The university education need to be diffused geograhphically, although university as research institution need to be concentrated based on the performance. In this way the government developed the evaluation system, on which the research fund to be allocated. Along with the nation-wide evaluation, the across-country ranking of university has been invented to put individual university into the international ranking. The most strongly reacted sector was politicians based on this international ranking, they started to discuss the international reputation of their own university. The landscape of the higher education institutions has been changed.