Abstract
This paper contributes to the business ecosystem literature by offering a classification model that allows for the differentiation of intercompany connections. The researchers found that the definition of a business ecosystem lacks separation in the types of connection between companies. Business ecosystems were found to differentiate significantly, from loosely coupled to highly regulated and organised company relationships. Work with practitioners has shown that some may even result in newly founded business ventures. The authors are therefore proposing a classification model for business ecosystems that allows further classifications in studies. The outcome of this study has helped practitioners to operationalise product service and service business ecosystems.
