Consideration for using Nightguard

Abstract

Nightguard （NG） is currently used not as a definitive therapy for sleep bruxism （SB）, but as a symptomatic therapy for the purpose of rationally distributing force by occlusal stabilization and protection of the stomatognathic system. It is safe, easy, and has a positive preventive effect. However, there are some reports on the side effects on NG. Dentists should determine whether the patient has SB or not, primary or secondary, or whether it is affected by other factors. Then, we should systematically aim for a definitive therapy of SB. If SB still does not improve, finally NG should be applied. Various types of NG are used according to the area of application, form, jaw position, and material （e.g. stabilization splint, night denture, soft splint, nociceptive trigeminal inhibition tension suppression system, palatal splint, oral appliances for sleep apnea, repositioning splints）. Each of them has different effects and side effects, which must be considered when making a selection. The most commonly used NG is the upper jaw stabilization splint. Despite weak scientific evidence about the occlusion that NG provides, NG should be formed in consideration of the currently known jaw movements of SB and the ideal occlusion in natural dentition. In addition, after wearing the NG, it is necessary to plan how to use it and to check it regularly.