Exploring factors that affect volunteering among the elderly with health problems

Suggestions for improvements to the current situation

Abstract

This study aimed to explore factors that facilitate or hinder the continuation of volunteer activities among elderly with health problems in Japan. We conducted in-depth interviews with 10 elderly volunteers who have health problems and 13 teachers who work with these 10 elderly volunteers at their respective schools. These elderly volunteers engage in reading picture books to school children. Our findings suggested that teachers expect these elderly volunteers to continue volunteering as long as possible for educational purposes. They consider the elderly volunteers as an important learning source for the children, in furthering their understanding of age and ageing. Our findings also indicated the elderly volunteers' confidence in, and desire to continue volunteer activities were more heavily influenced by their definition of volunteering, perceived support from other volunteer members, and their perceptions about meanings of old age. We also discovered that a strong network of support existed between the volunteers themselves, which was key to their continued participation in volunteer activities. We recommend a training program that fosters mutual support within the volunteer group, with a secondary focus on education and communication skills. This would facilitate a better working relationship among the volunteers and foster a better volunteering environment.