Basic research on 3x3 basketball teaching tools in junior high school physical education classes: Through comparison with 5-on-5 games

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to clarify the characteristics of 3x3 basketball games compared to 5-on-5, in physical education classes at junior high schools, and to obtain basic data to use for teaching tools. Seventy second-year boys from Y Junior High School participated in 4 matches of 18 teams (total 36 matches) in 3x3 games and 4 matches of 12 teams (total 24 matches) in 5-on-5 games on different days. The games were filmed with video cameras, later replayed, and the number of passes, shots, and other moves were tallied. After each game, the participants were asked to answer a questionnaire to evaluate their satisfaction with the 3x3 and 5-on-5 games. This study was conducted with the approval of the Research Ethics Committee of the University of A (A Univ. 33, No. 2).

The following three characteristics of 3x3 compared to 5-on-5 games in physical education classes at junior high schools were revealed: 1) 3x3 games had fewer turnovers and a higher attack completion rate than did 5-on-5; 2) the number of ball operations (shots, passes, rebounds, and touches) per player was higher in 3x3, and the students themselves recognized that they were able to pass and shoot the ball more often; 3) students who do not get the opportunity to manipulate the ball in 5-on-5 may be able to create opportunities in 3x3; and 4) the students felt that the 3x3 game kept them moving throughout the game.

The aforementioned results suggest that 3x3 game is useful as a teaching tool because students have many opportunities to manipulate the ball and are considered to have provided a sufficient amount of exercise.