Analysis of medical device types and parts causing pressure ulcers and associated risk factors in a pediatric hospital

Abstract

　Purpose: The present study aimed to determine the site of occurrence and risk factors of medical device-related pressure ulcers（MDRPU）.
　Study design: This retrospective study was conducted over three months. The subjects were inpatients with MDRPU at 18 participating pediatric hospitals. Data on growth and developmental stage, level of independence in daily living, risk factors of pressure ulcer development, high-risk items for pressure ulcers, disease stage, the Oshima classification, presence or absence of physical disability, pressure ulcer site, and devices causing MDRPU were collected. The devices and survey items were cross-tabulated, and adjusted standardized residual analysis was performed.
　Results: Among the 264 study participants, respiratory devices caused the highest incidence of MDRPU（29.9%）, 68.4% of which occurred on the face. The most frequently used respiratory device was associated with joint contracture, pathological bone protrusion, extreme skin fragility, the Oshima classification, and high school or higher educational level.
　Conclusion: Respiratory devices were found to be a high-risk factor of MDRPU development in pediatric hospitals, with the most common site of MRDPU development being the face. Moreover, the Oshima classification, a child-specific risk factor, suggested the importance of items related to children with severe mental and physical disabilities.