Risk factors for cutaneous candidiasis in the groin area: a case-control study

Abstract

　Among the patients admitted to our hospital, some who wear diapers experience superficial fungal infections （fungal disease）. However, the factors associated with the development of fungal diseases among inpatients are, as of yet, unknown. The present, retrospective study aimed to identify the risk factors of fungal disease development. One hundred eleven patients with a fungal disease who were admitted to the study center between January 2016 and December 2017 were included. The control group comprised 303 patients without a fungal disease who were housed in the same room as the patients or in an adjoining room. The variables of interest were age, sex, medical department, diabetes status, malignancy, an infectious disease such as pneumonia, antibiotic use, incontinence, stool properties, and diaper use.
　Multivariate analysis identified five risk factors of fungal infection: diaper use（odds ratio［OR］: 5.97; 95% confidence interval［CI］: 3.15-11.30; p < 0.001）, diarrhea（OR: 8.51; 95% CI: 2.8-25.02; p < 0.001）, tube feeding（OR: 2.90;95% CI: 1.71-4.90; p < 0.001）, antibiotic use（OR: 5.35; 95% CI: 2.86-10.02; p < 0.001）, and preexisting infection（OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.08-3.76; p < 0.03）.
　The risk of fungal infection was found to be high among inpatients who wore diapers, had diarrhea, received tube feeding, took antibiotics, and had a preexisting infection.