Localization of an Excess Electron in Non-Polar Fluids near Critical Points

Abstract

Localization of an electron injected into a non-polar fluid near a critical point is investigated by minimization of free energy. The electron wave function is assumed to be a Gaussian type. It is proved that the localized state with fluid-density distortion around the electron exists as a stable state. The localization length of the electron and fluid-density distortion are calculated. In addition, the free energy and electron energy for the localized state are calculated. The localized state is a polaron state.