1990 Volume 59 Issue 8 Pages 2776-2781
General expressions for the ponderomotive force as a second-order average force acting on a single charged particle is derived in the form of a potential force. The result is valid for arbitrary spatial structure of the ambient static magnetic field. Sum of the resulting drift flux and the second-order magnetic flux due to the induced magnetic moments of the particles is found to agree with the second-order averaged flux calculated by the cold fluid model.
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