Abstract

We are now living together with the enormous progress of many biological innovations. In this situation, do these innovations change evolutionary biology? Or can evolutionary biology control these various innovations? There is the strong opinion that we have to change present biology to include the new situation where we can make an artificial selection to change organisms genetically in order to satisfy our desires. I defend evolutionary theory, which should not change itself to treat the new situation, even though it needs a minor change. Within the synthetic theory, we can answer negatively to these two questions. Evolutionary biology took a progress recently and this new population biology claims something positive about the new situation. With new evolutionary ideas we can give partially affirmative answers to these questions. We see why the answers are affirmative by considering evolutionary egoism and altruism. And then we will show that at the bottom of these answers there are many philosophically unsolved problems.