On the Pan-breaking—Draft and the Effects on the Soil Conditions

Abstract

1. The specific resistance of Pan-breaker may be effected by soil and soil hardness etc., and increases its value in proportion to the penetration.
2. The draft of Pan-breaker is so heavy, that it may be profitable to adopt the smaller type with one or two subsoiler standards at the present stages in Japan.
3. According to the investigation on the 133rd day, the deeper the penetration is, the looser the soil hardness becomes, and retained effects are evident in proportion to the depth.
4. Pan-breaking promotes the permeability and drainage.
5. Pan-breaking may be effective to prevent run-off, frost heave and plane structure formation etc.,