Influence of alkaline metal additives on practical use of perovskite solar cells

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells have recently attracted great interest as next-generation solar cells owing to their potential for application as low-cost, light-weight, and/or flexible solar cells. While their power-conversion efficiency matches that of conventional widely used crystal Si solar cells, their long-term stability and large-area module production are required to be improved for practical use. We found that the addition of a small amount of alkaline metals such as Cs and Rb improves the stability and crystal quality of perovskite films, which facilitates the realization of highly stable and large-area perovskite solar cells. In this study, we review the effect of alkaline metal additives for lead–halide perovskite materials.