Sports-related ankle sprains —Residual symptoms and prevention of recurrent ankle sprains—

Abstract

Sports-related ankle sprains are extremely common among physically active population. An acute lateral ankle sprain typically causes pain, swelling, tenderness, and instability at the joint. The previous history of at least one ankle sprain has been identified as the strongest predictor of recurrent ankle sprains. It has been reported that the recurrent rate of ankle sprains exceeds 70%. Early injury management and proper follow-up care can help the healing process and reduce the risk of recurrent ankle sprains. In spite of these facts, many individuals who have suffered with ankle sprains do not seek medical treatment from a health care provider. Unfortunately, after the first ankle sprain, many individuals experience recurrent ankle sprains and suffer residual symptoms. Experiencing repetitive ankle sprains cause alteration in ankle joint mechanics and functions due to repeated disruptions in the structural integrity of the ankle, and it can lead to long-term consequences such as decreased health related quality of life and physical activity level throughout their lifetime. Furthermore, it has been reported that repetitive ankle sprains increase the risk of developing early onset post-traumatic osteoarthritis at the ankle. This evidence-based review explains overview of sports-related ankle sprain, residual symptoms associated with ankle sprains, and prevention of recurrent ankle sprains.