Effects of Sucrose Concentration, pH of Media, and Culture Temperature on Anther Culture of Citrus

Abstract

Effects of sucrose concentration, pH of media, and culture temperature on anther culture were studied using trifoliate orange (Poncifus trifoliata (L.) RAF.), sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.), and 'Trovita' orange (Citrus sinensis OSBECK). The most effective concentrations of sucrose in forming embryoids were 30g/l for trifoliate orange, 70g/l for sour orange, and 10g/l for 'Trovita' orange. As well, more calli were formed on the media containing more sucrose in all three species. The optimal pH of the media was pH 5 or 6 in forming embryoids or calli for three species. Embryoids effectively appeared at 28°C in trifoliate orange, at 24°C and 28°C in sour orange, and at 24°C in 'Trovita' orange. Calli formed well at 28°C and 24°C in trifoliate orange, at 28°C in sour orange, and at 24°C in 'Trovita' orange. These results suggest that the response of the anthers to the culture conditions differs among close species of citrus.