Chromosome Stability in Callus Derived from Interspecific Hybrids between Hordeum vulgare L. and Its Wild Species H.bulbosum L.

Abstract

Spike primordia of triploid hybrids between H.vulgare and H.bulbosum (4X) showed higher rate of chromosome elimination (7.8%) than root meristems of the hybrids (0.1%). Callus induction was tried from these meristematic cells, and the relationship between physiological change of cells brought by callus condition and the rate of chromosome elimination was examined. B-5 medium (GAMBORG, 1975) with NAA 2. 5 ppm was better for callus induction from spike primordia than B-5 media with hormone combinations : NAA XBAP or 2, 4-D X-BAP. Cytological observations of callus showed that chromosome number of callus cells derlved from spike primordia increased rather than decreased. Factor(s) which taised the rate of chromosome elimination in spike primordia might be lost in callus condition.