Associated Effects of Chromosome 1B/1R Translocation on Agronomic Traits in Hexaploid Wheat

Abstract

Two trials were conducted to determine the effect of IB/1R chromosome translocation on selected agronomic characteristics of spring bread wheats(Triticum aestivum L.)developed at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT). Five bread wheat genotypes with a chromosome IB/1R translocation and five without representing a sample of high yielding germplasm were identified for the experiment. NonIimiting levels of fertility and moisture with a preventive pest and disease program were used. Plant height, days to heading, grain yield, aboveground biomass at maturity, harvest index, yield components and test weights were determined. Genotypes with the IB/1R chromosome translocation had 2.2% higher aboveground biomass yield, 2.1 Vo more spikes m², 1.12 g higher 1, 000-grain weight and 0.8 kg/ha¹ higher test weight. The non-1B/1R genotypes had 0.8% higher harvest index and 0.6 cm longer spikes. Cultivar comparisons indicated that the IB/1R group headed 2.5 days later than the IB group.