Abstract
The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine is reported to show rapid antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant patients with major depression and bipolar depression. Therefore, the NMDA receptor is one of the most attractive therapeutic targets for depression. At present, the novel therapeutic drugs for depression have been developing. Here the author would like to discuss the role of glutamate in the pathophysiology of depression and the possibility of NMDA receptor as a therapeutic target.