Abstract
Minimally invasive surgery is being popularized in world-wide because of the smaller incision, earlier recovery, and shorter hospital stay. However, the technical difficulties were encountered in limited movement of the instruments and in confined operative field. Computer-enhanced procedures are highly expected to overcome those technical difficulties in conventional endoscopic surgery. I herein introduce our clinical experience in robotic surgery with both Zeus and da Vinci surgical systems. The messages are what we, surgeons would like to do and what is most to be realized in next generation.
