Abstract
In order to assess the stability of tunnel linings and the tunnel face, a three dimensional back analysis method is newly developed. Equivalent mechanical properties of the time dependent ground and excavation stresses released at the tunnel face are obtained under taking excavation-and-lining-construction procedures into account. In this method, displacement measurements are necessary only at the surface of the linings but not in the ground. By following this method, reasonable executive conditions and supporting system may be determined with economical measurements.
