Abstract
A model introduced in the present paper is capable of describing cyclic behaviour of sand reasonably well. The salient feature of the proposed model is that a nonassociative relationship between stress and strain is used with the anisotropic hardening which undergoes a combination of isotropic and kinematic hardening. Generalized forms of Cambridge models are provided to represent yield function and plastic potential of sand. Translation rule of yield surface is specified by modifying Ziegler's kinematic hardening. The constitutive model is capable of accounting for expansion of yield surface with simultaneous translation. Several undrained cyclic tests for normally consolidated and over-consolidated sands are simulated by taking into account the membrane penetration. The effect of over-consolidation ratio on liquefaction is predicted and good comparison with experimental results is reported for the effective stress path and the stress-strain relationship.
