Abstract
We are suggesting a simplified design method for pile foundations subjected to lateral flow due to soil liquefaction considering spacing effects between piles, which was established based on the results of small and large scale shaking table tests. The proposed method is effective for predictions and examinations of pile foundations whose limit states of the seismic performance are limited in terms of allowable displacements, because nonlinearities in both soils and piles are taken into consideration. Finally, using the proposed method, single pile behaviors in the large-scale shaking table tests are simulated to show its validity in practical situations.
