Abstract
The following three factors caused by climate change and mitigation measures might have impacts on food consumption: i) changes in crop yields caused by climate change, ii)competition for land between food and energy crops driven by the use of bioenergy, and iii)macroeconomic changes associated with the implementation of climate mitigation measures. This study quantitatively determined these three impacts on food security and explored the possibility of reducing these impacts by transferring funds from developed countries to middle- and low-income countries. We found that if governments implement strong mitigation measures aimed at attaining the 2°C target, impacts on food security due to ii) the land competition and to iii) the macroeconomic changes would be of a magnitude that could certainly not be ignored in comparison with climate-change impacts. We also found that in 2050 the provision of $87 billion (0.06% of world GDP in 2050) by developed countries to middle- and low-income countries could reduce the negative impacts on food consumption in those countries caused by climate mitigation measures to the same level that would result with no mitigation measures.
