CASE STUDY IN QUANTITATIVE MICROBIAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF RECLAIMED WATER BY THE ULTRA FILTRATION MEMBRANE PROCESS FOR AGRICULTURAL IRRIGATION

Abstract

 An international standard to use reclaimed water safely is being considered in order to solve global water problems. Its future enforcement to promote the use of reclaimed water is planned for the future. When reclaimed water is used for various purposes, it is especially important to assess its microbial risk. This report describes a study of the quantitative microbial risk assessment for farmers and consumers of reclaimed water based on a case study of using water reclaimed by the ultra-filtration membrane process in a pilot plant for agricultural irrigation. The calculation results, which compared the microbial risk to consumers of water treated using the ultra-filtration membrane with the microbial risk to consumers of river water, when both are used for agricultural irrigation, confirmed the risk reducing effect of the ultra-filtration membrane process.