AN ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION MEASURES CONSIDERING THE UNDERGROUND STORAGE CAPACITY OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE WORLD AND ASIA

Abstract

 To meet the long-term climate goal of the Paris Agreement, decarbonization technologies, which are not commercially available yet, are thought to be needed. Among those new technologies, carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) is expected to play a vital role in achieving a decarbonized society. In Asian countries, given their high population density and emissions intensity, the constraint on CO₂ storage capacity may increase the challenges on energy system transformation. However, there are few studies on mitigation scenarios that take this constraint into account, especially for Asia. This research estimates the CO₂ storage constraints and investigates their impacts on the climate mitigation policy cost and energy system implications under the long-term climate goals. The result indicates that the estimated storage capacity in Asia is lower than other regions given their demand for CCS. Furthermore, the Asian countries' investigation results are lower than estimated value. In Asian countries, the estimates of AIM/hub model show that constraints by storage capacity increase the GDP loss by 3.3-58.8% and increase the demand for bioenergy associated with climate change mitigation. The results suggest that further investigation of storage potentials and sharing storage capacity across the regions can reduce GDP losses due to mitigation, and environmental and food security impacts by suppressing bioenergy demand.