Abstract
In Japan, marine protected areas (MPAs) have not been positioned in marine environmental policies formally. Japanese marine protection methods are considered integrity of traditional and imported concept. The 10th Conference of Parties of Convention of Biodiversity in 2010 was a trigger to promote MPAs.
Islands have marine and coastal nature as resources for tourism and fishery. Solitary island regional policies come to turning points domestically. Recently, trans-boundary environmental pollution as marine litter attacked island coasts. International MPA network is planned until 2012 based on WSSD. This set a stage to share common problems of islands. MPAs have high potential to connect domestic scheme to international framework. And a century history cases as good practices and lessons learned can be utilized as experiences and precautions for international cases in the future. Marine and coastal engineering has various experience and method of spatial measures and monitoring. MPA management can be considered as a new field of engineering.
