Involvement of myeloid derived immunosuppressive cells in progressive renal diseases

Abstract

  Immunosuppressive cells have been reported to contribute to the inflammatory diseases in various organs. Interferon (IFN)-γ stimulations skew macrophages (Mφ) toward classically activated (M1) phenotype and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, IL-10 skew toward alternatively activated (M2) phenotypes. M2 polarized Mφhas immune regulatory function via various mechanisms, such as cytokine/chemokine expression, high activity of scavenging and interaction with other type of cells. Recently, another type of immunosuppressive myeloid cells, myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC), have been explored not only in tumor immunology, but also in inflammatory diseases. Orchestration of inflammation by these immunosuppressive cells with inflammatory cells has impact on progressive kidney diseases as well as inflammatory diseases.