2022 Volume 26 Issue 1 Pages 15-20
We report the case of a patient who presented with a thoracic infectious aortic aneurysm after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) intravesical instillation therapy with concomitant severe thrombocytopenia. A-64-year-old man was transferred to our hospital for the treatment of a thoracic aortic aneurysm impending rupture. He was diagnosed with an infectious aortic aneurysm and was treated previously in another hospital. We performed thoracic endovascular aortic repair on the day of admission. The first laboratory examination at our hospital showed low blood platelet count, and thrombocytopenia persisted even after surgery.
We diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) because bone marrow examination showed increased giant cell count. Immunoglobulin therapy, Helicobacter pylori removal therapy, and thrombopoiesis-stimulating protein therapy were administered, and the platelet count increased post treatment. He was discharged on postoperative day 84. Five months later, mycobacteria were detected in his bloody sputum specimen, and further investigation revealed a tuberculous aortic aneurysm caused by BCG intravesical instillation therapy.
