2018 Volume 51 Issue 7 Pages 463-467
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) was initiated via a PD catheter in a 34-year-old hypertensive male with end-stage renal disease. Six days after the catheter placement, he developed a fever and complained of abdominal pain, and his peritoneal effluent became cloudy. There were>200/μL cells in his peritoneal effluent, and almost all of the cells were polynuclear leukocytes. Thus, he was diagnosed with bacterial peritonitis. He was treated with empiric antibiotic therapy (1 g/day cefazolin sodium hydrate and 1 g/day ceftazidime hydrate). His fever and abdominal pain improved within a few days, but his peritoneal effluent remained cloudy, and an elevated inflammatory response persisted. To examine the types of cells in the peritoneal effluent, peritoneal effluent cytology was performed, which resulted in a diagnosis of eosinophilic peritonitis secondary to bacterial peritonitis. As both blood and peritoneal effluent cultivation tests produced negative results, empiric antibiotic therapy was continued until 20 days after the catheter placement. The peritoneal effluent gradually became less cloudy, and the inflammatory response subsequently decreased. Although eosinophilic peritonitis in the PD induction period is not rare, this patient was considered to have developed eosinophilic peritonitis secondary to bacterial peritonitis. We report this rare case along with a literature review.
