1998 Volume 31 Issue 12 Pages 1437-1442
The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin (CPFX) in plasma and peritoneal dialysate after single administration at a dose of 200mg were investigated in 3 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The dialysate in CAPD was changed every 6 hours. The maximal plasma concentration (Cmax), the time to reach the maximal plasma concentration (Tmax), the plasma elimination half-life (T1/2) and the area under the curve (AUC) were 1.87±0.12μg/ml, 1.31±0.47 hours, 6.24±0.52 hours and 18.46±1.83μg·hr/ml, respectively. Concentrations in the peritoneal dialysate during the 1st exchange after 6 hours ranged from 0.47 to 0.69μg/ml. During the subsequent exchange until 48 hours, the plasma concentration gradually decreased. AUC and the dialysate concentration were significantly correlated (r=0.877).
Drug concentration-time profile in CAPD patients under the condition that 200mg of CPFX was given every 12 and 8 hours, was simulated using 1-compartment model, according to the plasma and peritoneal dialysate concentration profile achieved after single administration of 200mg of CPFX.
The plasma and dialysate concentrations ranged from 0.75 to 2.54μg/ml and 0.40 to 0.96μg/ml given every 12 hours, and 1.45 to 3.17μg/ml and 0.94 to 1.15μg/ml given every 8 hours, respectively.
The plasma level for 200mg of CPFX given every 12 hours and dialysate level when CPFX was given every 8 hours were greater than 0.78μg/ml. The MIC needed to inhibit about 90% of most bacterial species of peritonitis was reported.
Our findings suggested that an oral dose of 200mg of CPFX, 2 or 3 times a day, is useful for CAPD peritonitis.
