Abstract
Atherosclerotic diseases are major influence on the mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic renal failure on maintenance dialysis. Epidemiologically, dietary fat intake has been demonstrated to be one of the main factors influencing the development of atherosclerosis. This study investigated whether the level of dietary fat intake was suitable for preventing atherosclerotic diseases in maintenance dialysis patients. Total amount of dietary fat intake, dietary intake of individual fatty acids and serum individual fatty acids concentrations were measured in 12 hemodialysis (HD) and 10 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients.
The percentage of fat intake to total energy intake was 27.7±7.0% in HD patients and 26.6±7.3% in CAPD patients, and which were both more than the nationally recommended criteria for the general population. The ratio of the intake of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and ployunsaturated fatty acids was 1.1:1.5:1.0 in HD patients and 1.2:1.5:1.0 in CAPD patients. Intake of polysaturated fatty acids was above the nationally recommended criteria for both patient groups. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 polysaturated fatty acids intake was 5.8:1 in HD patients and 3.4:1 in CAPD patients. There was a significant correlation between dietary intake and serum concentration in the ratio of n-6 to n-3 polysaturated fatty acids.
These data show that to prevent atherosclerotic diseases in maintenance dialysis patients, the percentage of fat intake to total energy intake should be lowered by encouraging the consumption of less saturated fatty acids, and n-6 polysaturated fatty acids intake should be decreased, while n-3 polysaturated fatty acids intake should be increased.
