Abstract

  Between September 2004 and December 2009, we reviewed 165 patients retrospectively who had undergone holmium laser enucleation of the prostate（HoLEP）at Kyoto university hospital, and investigated the incidence, prognostic factors, and clinical details of prostate and bladder cancer before and after the surgery. 14 （8.5%）and 5（3.0%）patients were diagnosed as prostate and bladder cancer, respectively. Prostate volume and enucleation weight were larger, and operation time was longer in patients with bladder cancer compared with in those without bladder cancer. However, patients with bladder cancer and those with prostate cancer had lower the International Prostate Symptom Score. In 2 cases, gross hematuria appeared and multiple superficial bladder cancers were diagnosed 5 and 9 months after the surgery, respectively. Even though preoperative prostate biopsies revealed no malignancy or we found no tumors during HoLEP, we should be aware of the probability of prostate and bladder cancer after surgery.