Abstract

We retrospectively evaluated the effects of nephrostomy on pyelonephritis after transurethral lithotripsy (TUL). Between April 2008 and March 2020, 1,236 TUL procedures without nephrostomy and 74 with nephrostomy were performed. Risk factors for pyelonephritis after TUL were female gender (p＜0.0001), history of pyelonephritis (p＜0.0001), PS1 or higher (p＝0.003), stone size 2 cm or greater (p＝0.014) and a history of diabetes (p＝0.022). In patients with three or more risk factors, nephrostomy reduced the incidence of septic shock (p＝0.034) and shortened the period of fever (p＝0.043).