Metabolite profiles of plasma in carp induced renal damage with intraperitoneal exposure of gentamicin.

Abstract

In the present study, gentamicin, which is well known to induce the nephrotoxicities in organisms, were directly injected into the abdominal cavity of carp with nominal concentrations of 0.02 mg/g（ Low group）, 0.063 mg/g（ Middle group） and 0.2 mg/g（High group） and the variations of metabolite profiles in plasma and the relationship between their variations and symptoms on carp were examined, when the nephrotoxicities were caused. In High group, carps seriously affected to exposure and the mortalities of three individuals out of all of five were observed. Meanwhile, although carps in Low and Middle groups were not dead, they were observed decline in urine output, presence with anemia, abdominal selling with ascites, and hematopoietic tissue. In their metabolite profiles, taurine and inositol related to osmoregulation were significantly increased in comparison with control, depending on exposed concentrations of gentamicin from 0.02 to 0.063 mg/g. Ornithine, creatinine, and urine provided the indications of glomeruli condition were also increased in the same range of exposed concentrations. Those increases could be clearly reflected to the symptoms in kidney damages. On the other hand, metabolites for energy generation tended to decrease, because whole bodies of carp were seriously affected to gentamicin exposures and required more energy than usual.