Abstract
In recent years, pharmacogenomics have focused increasing attention on the growing interest in personalized medicine. It is empirically clear that there are inter-individual differences that affect the appearance or absence of adverse effects of anti-cancer drugs. Recent research has demonstrated that the appearance of adverse effects of cancer chemotherapeutics depends on the polymorphisms of a recipient,s genome. As demonstrated in certain chemotherapeutics, deleterious mutations on genes related to drug metabolism increase the risk of adverse effects. These relationships include poly-morphisms in the DPYD gene and adverse effects of 5-FU, MTHFR gene and methotrexate, UGT1A1 gene and irinotecan, TPMT gene and 6-MP. In particular, information on deleterious polymorphisms of the UGT1A1 gene appears in the package information insert of irinotecan in the USA. This means clinical application of pharmacogenomics will be available in the near future. This review begins with a overview of recent pharmacogenomic findings and then describes future trends in pharmacogenomics to realize personalized medicine.
