Abstract
The effect of impression taking on the respiratory function and hemodynamics of the bed-bound elderly was investigated by using two types of impression materials.
The subjects were 20 patients at the Tanpopo Dental Clinic in Katsushika-ward, Tokyo who required edentulous jaw impression taking. These patients were randomly divided into two groups as follows based on the types of impression material used:
Group 1: used alginate impression material
Group 2: used silicone rubber impression material
The measurement parameters were ETCO2, RR, SpO2, HR and BP.
We measured at different times during resting, impression taking of upper jaw, impression taking of lower jaw, and after the impression taking.
The results were as follows. There was a difference in impression taking time between the two groups. We found a significant increase of ETCO2 in Group 2 during upper jaw impression taking (41.9±2.1mmHg) compared with 35.4±3.7mmHg during resting. Six cases in Group 1 and nine cases in Group 2 showed more than 10% fluctuation, while all of these cases were observed during upper jaw impression taking. We found that RR in Group 2 significantly decreased during upper jaw impres-sion taking (16.7±3.2times/minute) compared with 21.8±1.7times/minute during resting. Nine cases in Group 1 and all the cases in Group 2 showed more than 10% fluctuation, while all of these cases were observed during upper jaw impression taking. SpO2 in Group 2 decreased significantly during upper jaw impression taking (95.6±2.0%) as well as lower jaw (97.0±1.3%) rather than while resting (99.0±0.9%). No particular change was found with regard to HR or BP.
Considering these results, we assume that when impression taking of the upper jaw rather than the lower jaw is performed, and if the duration of impression taking is long, it will induce a decrease in RR, and an increase in ETCO2 due to suspension of respiration, which might result in decrease of SpO2.
Therefore, we conclude from this study that when performing impression taking for bed-bound elderly, it is advisable to reduce the duration of impression taking especially on the upper jaw and to monitoring the patient's whole bodily system including the respiration status.
