From the perspective of sonographers practical approaches and technical tips for detecting pancreatic lesions

Abstract

In this article, to facilitate understanding of the morphology of the pancreas and its positional relationships with surrounding organs, visual explanations are provided using CT-based volume-rendered images, and key points of ultrasound anatomy that should be mastered are presented, focusing especially on the pancreatic head, a common site for pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, as measures to enhance visualization, techniques such as changing the patient's position, utilizing high-frequency probes, and concomitant use of Doppler examination are specifically introduced using actual case images. Cases that had been overlooked are also discussed, along with explanations of points requiring attention. In addition, we present ultrasound images depicting focal pancreatic parenchymal atrophy and visualization of the main pancreatic duct obtained with a high-frequency probe. During transabdominal ultrasound examination of the pancreas, the groove region, uncinate process, and pancreatic tail are particularly prone to poor visualization, making it a challenge for sonographers to improve examination accuracy.