Abstract
Prevention of pneumonia is important because pneumonia is one of the major causes of death in older adults.
Furthermore, disuse syndrome due to pneumonia may cause frailty or disability in older adults during their
hospitalization. Influenza and COVID-19 vaccination has been recommended for older adults to prevent serious
complications （e.g., pneumonia） and death because they are high-risk individuals for influenza and COVID-19
infections. Prevention of pneumonia by influenza and COVID-19 vaccination is important for older adults to
extend their healthy life expectancy.
