Neutron Scattering Study of Dynamics in Glassy State;Recent Topics

Itaru TSUKUSHI; Toshiji KANAYA

doi:10.4131/jshpreview.9.126

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Keywords: incoherent inelastic neutron scattering, low-energy excitation, fast β process, non-Gaussian parameter, lognormal distribution, bimodal distribution, fragility

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1999 Volume 9 Issue 2 Pages 126-133

DOI https://doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.9.126

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Published: May 20, 1999 Received: February 12, 1999 Available on J-STAGE: August 07, 2009 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: August 07, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : [1] Proceedings of Yukawa International Seminar 1996 (YKIS '96), ed. by T. Odagaki, Y. Hiwatari, J. Matsui, Kyoto, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. , 126 (1997).
[2] Proceedings of the Third International Discussion Meeting on Relaxations in complex systems, ed. by K. L. Ngai, E. Riande, M. D. Ingram, Vigo, Spain, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 235/237 (1998).
[3] T. Kanaya, K. Kaji, S. Ikeda, K. Inoue: Chem. Phys. Lett. , 150, 334-338 (1988), "Low-energy excitations in polyethylene: comparison between amorphous and crystalline phases".
[4] R. Mukhopadhyay, A. Alegria, J. Colmenero, B. Frick, Macromolecules, 31, 3985-3993 (1998), "Methyl group dynamics in poly (vinyl acetate) : a neutron scattering study".
[5] J. E. Tucker, W. Reese: J. Chem. Phys, 46, 1388- 1397 (1967), "Heat capacity of polyethylene from 2. 5 to 30 K".
[6] O. Yamamuro, I. Tsukushi, T. Matsuo, K. Takeda, T. Kanaya, K. Kaji: J. Chem. Phys. , 106, 2997-3002 (1997), "Inelastic neutron scattering study of low-energy excitations in vapor-deposited glassy propylene".
[7] M. A. Ramos, S. Vieira, F. J. Bermejo, J. Dawidowski, H. E. Fischer, H. Schober, M. A. Gonzalez, C. K. Loong, D. L. Price: Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 82-85 (1997), "Quantitative assessment of the effects of orientational and positional disorder on glassy dynamics".
[8] F. J. Bermejo, J. Alonso, A. Criado, F. J. Mompeàn, J. L. Martìnez, M. Garcìa-Hernàndez, A. Chahid: Phys. Rev. B 46, 6173-6186 (1992), "Low-frequency excitations in a molecular glass: Single-particle dynamics".
[9] F. J. Bermejo, A. Criado, J. L. Martìnez: Phys. Lett. A 195, 236-244 (1994), "On the microscopic origin of the "boson" peak in glassy materials".
[10] T. Kanaya, T. Kawaguchi, K. Kaji: J. Chem. Phys. , 98, 8262-8270 (1993), "Low-energy excitation and fast motion near T_g in amorphous cis-l, 4-polybutadiene".
[11] D. Richter, R. Zorn, B. Frick, B. Farago, L. J. Fetters: Phys. Rev. Lett. , 68, 71-74 (1992), "Decoupling of time scales of motion in polybutadiene close to the glass transition".
[12] E. Rössler, A. P. Sokolov, P. Eiermann, U. Warschewske: Physica, A201, 237-256 (1993), "Dynamical phase transition in simple supercooled liquids and polymers-an NMR approach".
[13] M. Oguni: J. Non-CrysL Solids, 210, 171-177 (1997), "‘Intra-cluster rearrangement’ model for the α-process in supercooled liquids, as opposed to ‘cooperative rearrangement of whole molecules within a cluster’".
[14] T. Kanaya, R. Zorn, I. Tsukushi, M. Murakami, K. Kaji, D. Richter: J. Chem. Phys, 109, 10456-10463 (1998), "Orientational effects on low-energy modes in amorphous poly (ethylene terephthalate) fiber".
[15] J. Colmenero, A. Arbe: Phys. Rev. B 57, 13508-13513 (1998), "Carbon-carbon torsional barriers driving the fast dynamics in glass-forming polymers".
[16] A. Tölle, H. Schober, J. Wuttke, O. G. Randl, F. Fujara: Phys. Rev. Lett. , 80, 2374-2377 (1998), "Fast relaxation in a fragile liquid under pressure".
[17] C. A. Angell : J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 49, 863-871 (1988), "Perspective on the glass transition".
[18] T. Odagaki, Y. Hiwatari: Phys. Rev. A43, 1103-1106 (1991) "Gaussian-to-non-Gaussian transition in supercooled fluids".
[19] T. Kanaya, I. Tsukushi, K. Kaji: Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. , 126, 133-140 (1997), "Non-Gaussian parpameter and heterogeneity of amorphous polymers".
[20] Y. Hiwatari: J. Chem. Phys. , 76, 5502-5507 (1982), "Free volumes and liquidlike clusters in soft-core dense liquids and glasses".
[21] V. Novikov, E. Rössler, V. Malinovsky: Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. , 126, 387-391 (1997), "Fragility as a measure of dynamic inhomogeneity of glass formers".

Right : [1] Proceedings of Yukawa International Seminar 1996 (YKIS '96), ed. by T. Odagaki, Y. Hiwatari, J. Matsui, Kyoto, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. , 126 (1997).
[2] Proceedings of the Third International Discussion Meeting on Relaxations in complex systems, ed. by K. L. Ngai, E. Riande, M. D. Ingram, Vigo, Spain, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 235/237 (1998).
[3] T. Kanaya, K. Kaji, S. Ikeda, K. Inoue: Chem. Phys. Lett. , 150, 334-338 (1988), "Low-energy excitations in polyethylene: comparison between amorphous and crystalline phases".
[4] R. Mukhopadhyay, A. Alegria, J. Colmenero, B. Frick, Macromolecules, 31, 3985-3993 (1998), "Methyl group dynamics in poly (vinyl acetate) : a neutron scattering study".
[5] J. E. Tucker, W. Reese: J. Chem. Phys, 46, 1388- 1397 (1967), "Heat capacity of polyethylene from 2. 5 to 30 K".
[6] O. Yamamuro, I. Tsukushi, T. Matsuo, K. Takeda, T. Kanaya, K. Kaji: J. Chem. Phys. , 106, 2997-3002 (1997), "Inelastic neutron scattering study of low-energy excitations in vapor-deposited glassy propylene".
[7] M. A. Ramos, S. Vieira, F. J. Bermejo, J. Dawidowski, H. E. Fischer, H. Schober, M. A. Gonzalez, C. K. Loong, D. L. Price: Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 82-85 (1997), "Quantitative assessment of the effects of orientational and positional disorder on glassy dynamics".
[8] F. J. Bermejo, J. Alonso, A. Criado, F. J. Mompeàn, J. L. Martìnez, M. Garcìa-Hernàndez, A. Chahid: Phys. Rev. B 46, 6173-6186 (1992), "Low-frequency excitations in a molecular glass: Single-particle dynamics".
[9] F. J. Bermejo, A. Criado, J. L. Martìnez: Phys. Lett. A 195, 236-244 (1994), "On the microscopic origin of the "boson" peak in glassy materials".
[10] T. Kanaya, T. Kawaguchi, K. Kaji: J. Chem. Phys. , 98, 8262-8270 (1993), "Low-energy excitation and fast motion near T_g in amorphous cis-l, 4-polybutadiene".
[11] D. Richter, R. Zorn, B. Frick, B. Farago, L. J. Fetters: Phys. Rev. Lett. , 68, 71-74 (1992), "Decoupling of time scales of motion in polybutadiene close to the glass transition".
[12] E. Rössler, A. P. Sokolov, P. Eiermann, U. Warschewske: Physica, A201, 237-256 (1993), "Dynamical phase transition in simple supercooled liquids and polymers-an NMR approach".
[13] M. Oguni: J. Non-CrysL Solids, 210, 171-177 (1997), "‘Intra-cluster rearrangement’ model for the α-process in supercooled liquids, as opposed to ‘cooperative rearrangement of whole molecules within a cluster’".
[14] T. Kanaya, R. Zorn, I. Tsukushi, M. Murakami, K. Kaji, D. Richter: J. Chem. Phys, 109, 10456-10463 (1998), "Orientational effects on low-energy modes in amorphous poly (ethylene terephthalate) fiber".
[15] J. Colmenero, A. Arbe: Phys. Rev. B 57, 13508-13513 (1998), "Carbon-carbon torsional barriers driving the fast dynamics in glass-forming polymers".
[16] A. Tölle, H. Schober, J. Wuttke, O. G. Randl, F. Fujara: Phys. Rev. Lett. , 80, 2374-2377 (1998), "Fast relaxation in a fragile liquid under pressure".
[17] C. A. Angell : J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 49, 863-871 (1988), "Perspective on the glass transition".
[18] T. Odagaki, Y. Hiwatari: Phys. Rev. A43, 1103-1106 (1991) "Gaussian-to-non-Gaussian transition in supercooled fluids".
[19] T. Kanaya, I. Tsukushi, K. Kaji: Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. , 126, 133-140 (1997), "Non-Gaussian parpameter and heterogeneity of amorphous polymers".
[20] Y. Hiwatari: J. Chem. Phys. , 76, 5502-5507 (1982), "Free volumes and liquidlike clusters in soft-core dense liquids and glasses".
[21] V. Novikov, E. Rössler, V. Malinovsky: Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. , 126, 387-391 (1997), "Fragility as a measure of dynamic inhomogeneity of glass formers".

Abstract

We review some recent developments in glassy dynamics research using neutron scattering. We focus on the following three topics: (i) low-energy excitation, (ii) fast process, (iii) dynamic heterogeneity in glassy state. In the fast and second topics, we show that recent research on glassy materials with various degrees of disorder provide useful information about the microscopic origin of low-energy excitation and fast β process. In the third topic, a non-Gaussian parameter is introduced to evaluate dynamic heterogeneity of glassy materials through mean square displacement, and a correlation between the non-Gaussian parameter and fragility index is pointed out. Distribution functions of the mean square displacement are evaluated on the basis of Gaussian, log-Gaussian and bimodal distributions.

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